Postpartum constipation is commonly caused by opioid analgesics, dehydration, and decreased activity. Which prevention measure should be used?

• A. Stool softeners, fiber, fluids, and ambulation
• B. Dehydration
• C. Opioid analgesics
• D. Decreased activity

Answer: (A)

Postpartum constipation happens when gut movement is slowed by opioid analgesics, dehydration, and reduced activity. The prevention plan targets these factors by keeping stools soft and moving easily: using stool softeners to prevent hard, difficult-to-pass stools; adding dietary fiber to bulk and stimulate peristalsis; increasing fluids to hydrate stools and support overall bowel movement; and encouraging ambulation to stimulate intestinal motility. When opioids are used, this combination helps counteract their constipating effects and reduces the need for straining. Dehydration, opioid use, and decreased activity all contribute to constipation, so they are not preventive measures themselves; instead, preventing dehydration, minimizing opioid-induced slowing, and maintaining activity are the goal.