Which of the following describes typical signs of postpartum depression?

• A. Persistent sadness, inability to care for the baby, irritability, sleep or appetite changes, and loss of interest.
• B. High energy and insomnia.
• C. No mood changes.
• D. Only fatigue without mood changes.

Answer: (B)

Postpartum depression shows up as a mood problem after birth that interferes with daily functioning. The signs described—persistent sadness, inability to care for the baby, irritability, changes in sleep or appetite, and loss of interest in usual activities—capture both the mood disturbance and the impairment in caring for the infant. When a new mother feels persistently down and struggles to meet her own needs or to bond with and care for the baby, it signals a depressive state that goes beyond normal baby blues and requires evaluation and support.

High energy with insomnia points more toward a manic or hypomanic state, which is not typical of postpartum depression. Conversely, no mood changes or fatigue without mood symptoms do not reflect the depressive pattern either. If these signs are present, it’s important to screen and connect with a healthcare provider for appropriate treatment and support.